Fluoride risks and benefits David R. Hill, P. Eng. hillcpsc. Professor Emeritus, The University of Calgary, CALGARY, Alberta, Canada T2. N 1. N4. This paper was updated in August 1. Chemical Institute of Canada, and CADACT, held at the Petroleum Recovery Institute, 3. Street NW, CALGARY, Tuesday September 2. Note that footnotes and first references provide hypertext links to the relevant material, with provision for returning to the current point return to main text. A majority vote which violates ethical or moral principles, or deprives individuals of rights they should be free to enjoy, is not democracy but tyrrany. It is a subversion of democracy that will bring democracy to an end in the degree that it is allowed to operate. F. B. Exner, MD FACR, SeattleSUMMARYPromoters of water fluoridation offer the lure of strong, healthy teeth and reduced dental bills as inducements for communities to fluoridate their water. Fluoride is also promoted for other tooth related uses. However, even the promoters have scaled down the benefits claimed for water fluoridation and admitted the danger of fluorosis from toothpaste. For every study by promoters over recent years repeating old messages that claim undisputed water fluoridation benefits particularly reduction of cavities, there are equally reputable studies showing little or no effect on cavity rates. Studies in mainstream peer reviewed medical journals and government reports now document the fact that serious harms are associated with exposure to small amounts of fluoride including hip fracture, cancer, and intellectual impairment. There is evidence that both individual and institutional fluoride promoters have stacked the deck, manipulated experimental results, suppressed evidence that spoke against their view, and victimised or smeared those who spoke out against them. When old ways and knowledge are increasingly found to be based on false premises, incompetence, bias and worse, it is important to re examine the old claims, and to take account of the growing body of research that show they are at best equivocal and at worst completely opposite to the truth, and based on vested interest. Fluoride promotion often proceeds with no understanding of the scientific method and sometimes without even the ability to perform simple arithmetic. The most important US Congress mandated study in recent times on the suspected connection between fluoride and cancer was subjected to a series of Public Health Service review stages that successively downgraded the results from the original independent laboratory study to the point where they were declared equivocal and largely ignored. The proven association of fluoride and water fluoridation with increased hip fractures and reduced bone quality has been denied or downplayed. Many other lines of investigation have been ignored or not followed up in an open minded manner. Medical ethics, morality, economics, legal and political issues have not deterred fluoride promoters in their efforts. Indeed, the problem has been declared a legislative matter, rather than under the jurisdiction of courts of law which might introduce such notions as ethics and reasonableness. The main beneficiaries from fluoride use are the big industries that find a profitable outlet for their otherwise embarrassing toxic byproducts. It is time for change. Introduction. We should all like to have strong, healthy teeth, the benefit promoters of water fluoridation offer. Water fluoridation, they say, has been proven in literally tens of thousands of studies to be completely safe, to provide a reduction in tooth decay of anything up to 7. This guidance is not a standard or regulation, and it creates no new legal obligations. It is advisory in nature, informational in content, and is intended to assist. Second, and most importantly, monitor your credit report. You can use a credit monitoring service like Equifaxs TrustedID which theyre offering for free for a. Strontium Chromate is a yellowish, crystalline, inorganic compound that emits toxic chromium fumes upon heating. Strontium chromate is highly corrosive and is a. Formaldehyde gas is one of the most common suspected cancer agents found in your home. Heres what you need to know to control this gaseous indoor air pollutant. The Health Film That Health Organizations Dont Want You To See. It is not just good for childrens teeth, but for everyones teeth especially old peoples, and it may even strengthen bones. Why would any sane person oppose water fluoridation The answer is complex, but can be characterised by five statements of fact documented, where appropriate, in the peer reviewed medical literature. If it works at all, the benefits are very much less than claimed. It is strongly linked to three fold increases in hip and other non vertebral fracture rates there is growing evidence of other even more serious medical consequences. A recent study showed evidence of intellectual impairment caused by fluoride. There is clear evidence that promoters have stacked the deck, suppressed evidence, and victimised or smeared those who speak out against the practice. Given a recommendation for medication, individuals in a free society have a right to choose whether or not to accept treatment, a right to expect properly controlled dosage and medical supervision, and a right to be told the truth. Water fluoridation abrogates these rights. Much more information is available than is reasonable to present in this paper. However, the reader should gain some insight into the problems occurring in the debate on water fluoridation, and be able to decide for themselves whether the controversy is false or not. My own conclusion is that there are, at best, real unresolved and serious questions about the safety and benefit of water fluoridation and related uses of fluoride. The most recent evidence suggests it is not particularly beneficial, and certainly not safe. The most charitable interpretation that one can put on the situation is that old habits die hard, and the medicaldental establishment is slow to adapt to the realities of modern research, and fearful of losing both face and law suits if they admit they made a mistake. The scientific method. The controversy surrounding the risks and benefits of water fluoridation switched from science to politics almost as soon as it started in the 4. In order to bring a little science back into the debate, a quick review of the scientific method is in order. Very few things in this life are certain, except for death and taxes. Nokia E71 Theme. Scientific theories are no exception they stand, and become accepted as laws only as long as no one manages to refute them. You do not prove a theory is correct but if you try very hard and ingeniously to prove it wrong, without success, then the theory may be generally accepted for the time being Popper 1. Ptolemys epicyclic theory of heavenly body motions gave quite accurate predictions of the state of the sky seen at night, but the theory was wrong and eventually was replaced by a better theory. The theory has been updated more than once since. Statistical methods play an important part in testing scientific theories, especially theories that suggest one way of doing things is better than another, or that some treatment is effective or dangerous experiments that involve physical measurements of differences in some way. Th Edition Report On Carcinogens' title='11Th Edition Report On Carcinogens' />Statistics provide a way of distinguishing between differences due to chance factors measurement error, uncontrolled factors,. Science is ultimately based on probability, but with suitably large sets of data samples, the probability of being wrong can be made very small. The September 11 attacks also referred to as 911 were a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamic terrorist group alQaeda on the United States. Service Temporarily Down. The service you were trying to reach is temporarily down. We apologize for the inconvenience and hope to have it up and running again soon. Th Edition Report On Carcinogens' title='11Th Edition Report On Carcinogens' />Suppose, for example, it was suggested that ingesting fluorides Note 1 causes or facilitates cancer growths. One might set up an experiment in which groups of animals in identical situations genetic heritage, environment, diet, etc were given differing amounts of fluoride in their food and water in such a way that the amounts ingested could be accurately controlled. Todays Stock Market News and Analysis. CLOSEXPlease confirm your selection. You have selected to change your default setting for the Quote Search. This will now be your default target page.